An American study from 1966, the author writes: "We were originally intrigued by several factors regarding the possible benefits of…

NAD+ therapy provides energy boosts, improves well-being and helps fight alcohol and drug addiction, writes Vice. A writer there reports…

Vitamin C is an antioxidant vitamin that accumulates in the brain from the blood supply and is maintained at relatively…

Significant alcohol consumption over a long period of time can cause a nerve disease called alcoholic polyneuropathy, to develop. The…

This review summarizes the current knowledge on the multiple effects of alcohol overconsumption on renal function and on water, electrolyte,…

In large quantities, alcohol and its metabolites can overwhelm the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and liver, causing damage both within the…

Alcohol can have a sedative effect because alcohol is broken down quite quickly in the body, which leads to a…

Alcohol acts as a sedative that interacts with several neurotransmitter systems important in the regulation of sleep. Acute administration of…

The DKFZ's Alcohol Atlas covers just about everything - from types of alcohol and spirits production to health damage and…

Chronic alcohol consumption blunts the biological clock's ability to synchronize daily activities with light, disrupts natural activity patterns, and continues…

Chronic alcohol consumption blunts the biological clock's ability to synchronize daily activities with light, disrupts natural activity patterns, and continues…

New research revealed an amazing mechanism showing that byproducts of alcohol enter the brain to promote addictive memory. They show…

The aim of this thesis is to investigate the methylation of the dopamine transporter (DAT) promoter at the onset ofThe…

Recent evidence suggests that epigenetic regulation is dependent on metabolic state and implicates specific metabolic factors in neuronal functions that…

Recent evidence suggests that epigenetic regulation is dependent on metabolic state and implicates specific metabolic factors in neuronal functions that…

Alcoholism and heavy drinking are associated with a number of physiological, behavioral, affective, and cognitive problems. One such problem involves…

Malabsorption is common in chronic alcoholics. Alcoholics may malabsorb fat, nitrogen, sodium, water, thiamine, folic acid, vitamin B12, and D-xylose.…

Sleep problems, which can have significant clinical and economic consequences, are more common among alcoholics than nonalcoholics. Both during the…

Sleep problems, which can have significant clinical and economic consequences, are more common among alcoholics than nonalcoholics. Both during the…

Doctors are more likely to become addicted to alcohol than normal citizens. "According to estimates, six percent of physicians in…

Alcoholic liver disease is a major health care problem worldwide. Results have shown that alcohol feeding impairs several of the…

Pellagra, caused by a deficiency of niacin and tryptophan, the precursor of niacin, is a rare disease in developed countries…

This book contains selected papers from the NATO Advanced Study Institute (AS I) "The Molecular Pathology of Alcoholism," held at…

Book Alcoholism: A Molecular Perspective | edited by T. Norman Palmer

Animal studies suggest that alcohol withdrawal alters the balance of the neurotransmitters gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutamate. To test this…

Animal studies suggest that alcohol withdrawal alters the balance of the neurotransmitters gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutamate. To test this…

Historical work from 1955. (pdf file)

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder associated with an increased risk of depression. Diabetic rats exhibit depression-like behavior, and taurine,…

L-theanine (γ-glutamylethylamide) is an amino acid found mainly in the green tea plant. This study examined the effects of an…

Arginine reverses alcohol-induced damage to the liver - even though alcohol continues to be ingested. This is the result of…

The arginine deficiency in alcoholics not only lowers the concentration of nitric oxide in the body, thereby increasing blood pressure.…

Several conifers were considered candidates for "annedda," which was the source of a miraculous cure for scurvy in the seriously…

Recently, calcium was suggested to be an active component of acamprosate. We investigated plasma calcium concentration in relation to the…

Background worth reading from the Deutsche Apotheker Zeitung, a news organ for pharmacists in Germany, although a few days older.…

It is to examine whether the conclusion of a recent systematic review and network meta-analysis (Cipriani et al.) that antidepressants…

To examine whether the conclusion of a recent systematic review and network meta-analysis (Cipriani et al.) that antidepressants are more…

New research revealed an amazing mechanism showing that byproducts of alcohol enter the brain and promote addictive memory. They show…

The activity of various enzymes and the vitamin C concentration of leukocytes were measured in a series of 35 patients…

Vitamin C is a key antioxidant in the brain and has been reported to have a variety of functions, including…

One of the major problems of drug-dependent patients is their frequent relapse (i.e., return to drug use after long periods…

As with other diseases and disorders, the likelihood of developing addiction varies from person to person, and no single factor…

Someone struggling with dry-drunk syndrome may still have strained relationships with loved ones. They may still suffer from unhealthy habits,…

"The Forgotten Chapter in Bill W.'s Struggle with Addiction" is the title of this article. "William Griffith Wilson, or Bill…

Alcohol-dependent patients have electrical activity in their brains that is similar to patterns seen in patients with major depression, researchers…

Alcohol-dependent patients have electrical activity in their brains that is similar to patterns seen in patients with major depression, researchers…

The acute and chronic effects of alcohol and alcohol withdrawal on sleep behavior and plasma GH and cortisol fluctuations occurring…

Experimental evidence suggests that components of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and the endogenous opioid system, such as beta-endorphin (beta-END), influence…

Russian researchers conducted experiments in mice to investigate the anticonvulsant (anti-convulsant) effects of diazepam and its combination with nicotinamide in…

In experiments in mice, scientists showed that nicotinamide at intraperitoneally administered doses of 250-500 mg/kg increased the latency of clonic-tonic…

Alcohol is one of the most widely used legal psychoactive substances consumed worldwide and is the third largest risk factor…

The endocrine system ensures proper communication between various organs of the body to maintain a constant internal environment. The endocrine…

The activity of cerebral cortex-derived phosphatidylserine (BC-PS) on neuroendocrine and neurovegetative responses to physical stress was tested in 8 healthy…

Is gabapentin effective in treating alcohol use disorders in adults with a history of alcohol withdrawal symptoms? In this randomized…

The acute effect of ethyl alcohol ingestion is to induce diuresis with excretion of free water and preservation of electrolytes.…

Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a complex brain disorder with a number of persistent behavioral and neurochemical manifestations. Both genetic…

Alcohol exerts numerous pharmacological effects through its interaction with various neurotransmitters and neuromodulators. Among the latter, endogenous opioids play a…

Glycine and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)A receptors belong to the "superfamily" of ion channels and are sensitive to allosteric modulation by…

Acute and chronic alcohol exposure obviously affects epigenetic changes, both transient and permanent, and these changes in turn affect a…

Epigenetic modifications, such as DNA methylation, may occur in response to environmental cues to alter the functional expression of genes…

Hypoglycemia induced by alcohol ingestion is a well-known problem in diabetics. However, the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon have remained largely…

Alcohol has been part of the human diet for centuries. However, its excessive consumption can lead to a number of…

Substance use is rampant in the United States, with 23.5 million Americans struggling with addiction - but only 2.6 million…

γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) emerged as a potentially important brain chemical just over 50 years ago, but its importance as a…

γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) emerged as a potentially important brain chemical just over 50 years ago, but its importance as a…

Study Purpose: To determine whether gabapentin, a widely prescribed generic calcium channel/γ-aminobutyric acid-modulating medication, increases rates of sustained abstinence and…

Transintestinal absorption of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) via a pH-dependent mechanism is demonstrated in the human intestinal epithelial cell line Caco-2.…

Transintestinal absorption of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) via a pH-dependent mechanism is demonstrated in the human intestinal epithelial cell line Caco-2.…

Addiction is a diverse group of common, complex diseases that are linked to some degree by common genetic and environmental…

The human dopamine transporter gene (DAT1 or SLC6A3) has been associated with various brain-related diseases and behavioral traits and, as…

The ubiquitous presence of glutamate and GABA receptors in the nervous system makes these receptor systems central to our understanding…

Glutamate diethyl ester, a specific glutamate antagonist, attenuated the seizures and decrease in behavioral activity observed in mice during withdrawal.…

Article in Swedish.

We investigated the effects of orally administered glycine on myofibrillar proteolysis in food-deficient chicks. Feed-deprived chicks (24 h) were orally…

Glycine reuptake inhibitors for treating drug and alcohol dependence. European patent EP1841418B1 The invention relates to a method of treating…

23% of German doctors consume dangerous amounts of alcohol. This was the result of a scientific online survey. Physicians who…

23% of German doctors consume dangerous amounts of alcohol. This was the result of a scientific online survey. Physicians who…

Quoted from the book "Seven weeks to sobriety": p. 121 ff. Seven Weeks to Sobriety: The Proven Program to Fight…

Alcohol is one of the most widely used legal psychoactive substances consumed worldwide and is the third largest risk factor…

Thirty-six alcohol-dependent men, half of them with a comorbid anxiety disorder, and 15 healthy controls underwent a standardized psychosocial stress…

Cortisol, the primary glucocorticoid in humans, is intimately involved in the regulation of biological processes as diverse and critical as…

Taurine is one of the most abundant amino acids in the CNS and plays an integral role in physiological processes…

L-glutamine triggers the release of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) from L cells in vitro, and when taken before a meal, it…

As an essential component of the human diet, L-tryptophan is critical to a number of metabolic functions and has been…

Little is known about the condition of latent scurvy, whose symptoms are nonspecific and can mimic more common conditions such…

36 male rats were divided into two groups: Glutamine group and control group. Each group was divided into three subgroups,…

A comprehensive and critical review of the evidence linking magnesium (Mg) deficiency to alcohol consumption reveals several important types of…

The earliest description of clinical magnesium deficiency was reported in 1934. In 1954, Flink reported alcoholism as the cause of…

Alcohol-induced liver injury (ALI), among other molecular alterations, has been linked to abnormal liver methionine-methionine metabolism leading to decreased S-adenosylmethionine…

Chronic alcoholics are often deficient in one or more vitamins. Deficiencies often include folate, vitamin B6, thiamine, and vitamin A.…

Chronic alcoholics are often deficient in one or more vitamins. Deficiencies often include folate, vitamin B6, thiamine, and vitamin A.…

Melatonin receptor agonists shorten the time it takes to fall asleep and can prolong total sleep time. Sleep architecture is…

Glutamine, the most abundant free amino acid in human plasma, has excellent nutritional and non-nutritional properties. Glutamine regulates immune function…

Conventional heroin withdrawal approaches involve the use of synthetic or semisynthetic opioids, with or without accompanying behavioral therapy. A study…

This study investigated the biological and clinical effects of N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC), the prodrug to L-cysteine, a precursor of the natural…

The overall objective of this pilot study was to obtain additional data on potential protective properties of NAC in PD…

N-acetylcysteine, a sulfur-containing amino acid used to treat acetaminophen overdose and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, is a widely used commercially…

The most common disorders were alcohol, posttraumatic stress disorder, and major depression. Women had more internalizing disorders and men more…

The tendency to alcohol dependence does not result from morally assessable abnormalities such as a weakness of will or addiction…

An experimental animal model of Huntington's disease (HD) phenotype was induced with the mycotoxin 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NP) and was well…

Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the most important inhibitory neurotransmitter in the human cortex. The dietary supplement version of GABA is…

Recent advances in the study of alcoholism have shed light on the involvement of various neurotransmitters in the phenomenon of…

Benzodiazepines are a group of drugs with broad therapeutic applications as anxiolytics, hypnotics, anticonvulsants, and muscle relaxants. To exert their…

The researchers conducted experiments in mice and rats to investigate the nootropic and antianxiety properties of the endogenous ligands of…

In chronic alcoholics, there is often evidence of nutrient deficiency due to decreased intake, reduced absorption, and impaired utilization of…

γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a kind of amino acid found in green tea leaves and other foods. Several reports have…

Twenty cases of pellagra diagnosed on neuropathologic grounds were found among 74 necropsy cases of chronic alcoholism. Although these patients…

Pellagra is a nutritional disease due to a deficiency of the vitamin niacin and the essential amino acid tryptophan. The…

Supplementation with a phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylserine/phosphatidic acid complex (PAS) was observed to normalize stress-related dysregulations of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPAA) axis.…

Theanine, γ-glutamylethylamide, is one of the major amino acid components in green tea. Based on the preventive effect of postnatal…

The present work aimed to investigate the protective effect of L-theanine on cognitive impairment induced by chronic restraint stress (CRS)…

Investigators induced acute pancreatitis in rats that also received either the NO synthase substrate L-arginine, the NO donor sodium nitroprusside,…

The effect of orally administered gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) on relaxation and immunity during stress has been studied in humans. Two…

Wernicke encephalopathy (WE) and Korsakoff psychosis (KP), collectively referred to as Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome (WKS), are distinct but overlapping neuropsychiatric disorders…

Wernicke encephalopathy (WE) and Korsakoff psychosis (KP), collectively referred to as Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome (WKS), are distinct but overlapping neuropsychiatric disorders…

A review paper from Harvard on all possible aspects of scurvy and the underlying vitamin C deficiency: "Today, vitamin C…

A review paper from Harvard on all possible aspects of scurvy and the underlying vitamin C deficiency: "Today, vitamin C…

BBC: Doctors in Australia have reported a resurgence of scurvy. Scurvy makes surprise return in Australia

Review of existing literature on the subject. Iron overload and magnesium deficiency are two common consequences of excessive and prolonged…

Chronic drinkers are very likely to have a vitamin B deficiency. Oral strong tablets containing vitamin B compounds contain these…

Chronic drinkers are very likely to have a vitamin B deficiency. Oral potent tablets containing vitamin B compounds contain these…

Research on the effects of alcohol on sleep dates back to the late 1930s. The literature described the effects of…

Research on the effects of alcohol on sleep dates back to the late 1930s. The literature described the effects of…

Blood levels (leucocytic) ascorbic acid (vitamin C) were determined in 25 chronic alcoholics. Twenty-four out of 25 patients (96%) were…

Blood levels of (leukocytic) ascorbic acid (vitamin C) were determined in 25 chronic alcoholics. Twenty-four of 25 patients (96%) were…

The current status of niacin research in alcoholics was reviewed. A five-year field trial with nicotinic acid strongly suggested great…

The current state of niacin research in alcoholics was reviewed. A five-year field trial with nicotinic acid strongly suggested great…

Subclinical micronutrient deficiencies in older adults are associated with chronic age-related diseases and adverse functional outcomes. In Germany, the elderly…

Subclinical micronutrient deficiencies in older adults are associated with chronic age-related diseases and adverse functional outcomes. In Germany, the elderly…

During alcohol withdrawal, dramatic changes in the concentration of many neurotransmitters may be responsible for many of the adverse effects.…

During alcohol withdrawal, dramatic changes in the concentration of many neurotransmitters may be responsible for many of the adverse effects.…

The mesolimbic dopamine (DA) system, extending from the ventral tegmental area (VTA) to the nucleus accumbens (nAcc), is involved in…

This is yet another confirmation of my suspicion that sedative substances lower cortisol levels. Niacinamide is officially recognized as a…

People with hypertension have an increased risk of stroke, heart disease and kidney failure. Although the etiology of essential hypertension…

Good text from the Huffington Post blog: "Below are five key ways addiction experts demonstrate detachment from the most obvious…

Current efforts to prevent and treat alcohol dependence are of very limited effectiveness. A better understanding of the biological mechanisms…

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of short-term supplementation with a moderate dose of PS (600…

Identification of the primary brain molecular targets of ethanol (EtOH) and determination of their functional roles is an ongoing, important…

The involvement of zinc is essential for all physiological systems, including neural function, where it participates in a variety of…

Although cobalamin (vitamin B12) deficiency was described over a century ago, it is still difficult to make the correct diagnosis…

Recent data suggest that the metabolic response to liver insufficiency may be the primary signal that initiates regenerative hepatocellular proliferation.…

Accumulating evidence on the influence of the gut microbiota on bidirectional communication along the gut-brain axis suggests a role for…

The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between indices of alcohol consumption and salivary cortisol concentration. Saliva…

Anxiety arises from and maintains dysregulation of neurobiological systems, but the precise mechanisms of anxiety disorders are still only partially…

People who were abused or mistreated in their childhood and adolescence are prone to aggression and addictive behavior. Apparently, such…

Historical account of the occurrence of scurvy on expeditionary voyages of Jaques Cartier - and the cure of the disease…

Wilson, William: The Vitamin B3 Therapy. Facsimile reprint. The Bishop of Books 1993 These manuscripts are only available in facsimile…

The researchers conducted parallel studies in human subjects and nonhuman primates to examine the differential effects of tobacco and nicotine…

The scientists conducted parallel studies in human volunteers and non-human primates to investigate the differential effects of tobacco and nicotine…

Tryptophan depletion is a widely used model to study mechanisms related to the serotonin system in the pathophysiology and treatment…

Tryptophan depletion is a widely used model to study mechanisms related to the serotonin system in the pathophysiology and treatment…

Alcohol facilitates gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) function, and GABA type A (GABA(A)) receptor-promoting agents suppress alcohol withdrawal symptoms. Advances in molecular…

Tyrosine hydroxylase is the rate-limiting enzyme of catecholamine biosynthesis; it uses tetrahydrobiopterin and molecular oxygen to convert tyrosine to DOPA.…

Tyrosine hydroxylase is the rate-limiting enzyme of catecholamine biosynthesis; it uses tetrahydrobiopterin and molecular oxygen to convert tyrosine to DOPA.…

Cobalamin (vitamin B12) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several neuropsychiatric disorders. A review of 19 patients (14 vegetarians)…

A review paper in the British Medical Journal, "There has been no shortage of case reports documenting florid scurvy in…

Vitamin C Ascorbate (vitamin C) is a vital antioxidant molecule in the brain. However, it also has a number of…

Nice background from the Pharmazeutische Zeitung (German. Use deepl.com for translation). "Among other things, it is disputed whether the "sun…

A vitamin D deficiency increases the craving for opioid drugs - if the vitamin is given as a tablet, the…

Vitamins and minerals are essential for humans because of their role in a variety of fundamental metabolic pathways that support…

As early as 1954, an was concerned with the fact that experimental animals changed their alcohol consumption after administration of…

It is widely believed that financial gains are the cause of gambling behavior in humans. Mesolimbic dopamine (DA), the main…